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url url url url
  2. Weltenzyklopädie
  3. بازدارنده آلفا-گلوکوسیداز - ویکی‌پدیا، دانشنامهٔ آزاد
بازدارنده آلفا-گلوکوسیداز - ویکی‌پدیا، دانشنامهٔ آزاد
از ویکی‌پدیا، دانشنامهٔ آزاد
آسپرژیلوسول یکی از انواع بازدارنده‌های آلفا-گلوکوسیداز

بازدارنده‌های آلفا-گلوکوسیداز (انگلیسی: Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor) گروهی از داروهای ضد دیابت خوراکی هستند که در درمان دیابت نوع ۲ بکار می‌روند و کارشان جلوگیری از هضم کربوهیدرات‌ها همچون نشاسته و قند است.

قندها برای جذب‌شان از دیوارهٔ روده، نیازمند تبدیل به اشکالِ ساده (تک‌قندی) هستند. بازدارنده‌های آلفا-گلوکوسیداز با جلوگیری از این عمل، موجب کاهش قند خون می‌شوند. این داروها، «بازدارنده‌های رقابتی» آلفا-گلوکوسیداز در پرزهای روده هستند.

انواع

داروی آکاربوز یک الیگوساکارید است، اما میگلیتول بیشتر به منوساکاریدها شباهت دارد. میگلیتول به خوبی در بدن جذب می‌شود، حال آنکه آکاربوز چنین ویژگی ندارد. داروی آکاربوز علاوه بر آنزیم آلفا-گلوکوسیداز، آنزیم آلفا آمیلاز لوزالمعده را هم مهار می‌کند.

بازدارنده‌های طبیعی آلفا-گلوکوسیداز

برخی مواد طبیعی خاصیتی مشابه با این دسته از داروها دارند.[۱][۲] به عنوان مثال، پژوهش‌ها نشان داده‌است که قارچ خوراکی «مائیتاکه» (Grifola frondosa)، قند خون را پائین می‌آورد،[۳][۴][۵][۶][۷][۸] چرا که حاوی مقادیری از آنزیم آلفا-گلوکوسیداز است.[۹]

عوارض جانبی

برخی از عوارض این داروها عبارتند از: نفخ و اسهال.

جستارهای وابسته

منابع

  1. ↑ Benalla, Wafaa; Bellahcen, Said; Bnouham, Mohamed (2010). "Antidiabetic Medicinal Plants as a Source of Alpha Glucosidase Inhibitors". Current Diabetes Reviews. 6 (4): 247–54. doi:10.2174/157339910791658826. PMID 20522017.
  2. ↑ Ji, Fang; Xiao, Guochun; Dong, Li; Ma, Zijiao; Ni, Jingman (2010). 药用植物来源的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂研究进展 [Development of α-glucosidase inhibitor from medicinal herbs]. China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica (به چینی). 35 (12): 1633–40. doi:10.4268/cjcmm20101229. PMID 20815224.
  3. ↑ Konno, S.; Tortorelis, D. G.; Fullerton, S. A.; Samadi, A. A.; Hettiarachchi, J.; Tazaki, H. (2001). "A possible hypoglycaemic effect of maitake mushroom on Type 2 diabetic patients". Diabetic Medicine. 18 (12): 1010. doi:10.1046/j.1464-5491.2001.00532-5.x. PMID 11903406.
  4. ↑ Hong, Lei; Xun, Ma; Wutong, Wu (2007). "Anti-diabetic effect of an α-glucan from fruit body of maitake (Grifola frondosa) on KK-Ay mice". Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology. 59 (4): 575–82. doi:10.1211/jpp.59.4.0013. PMID 17430642.
  5. ↑ Kubo, Keiko; Aoki, Hisao; Nanba, Hiroaki (1994). "Anti-diabetic Activity Present in the Fruit Body of Grifola frondosa (Maitake). I". Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin. 17 (8): 1106–10. doi:10.1248/bpb.17.1106. PMID 7820117.
  6. ↑ Lo, Hui-Chen; Hsu, Tai-Hao; Chen, Ching-Yi (2008). "Submerged Culture Mycelium and Broth of Grifola frondosa Improve Glycemic Responses in Diabetic Rats". The American Journal of Chinese Medicine. 36 (2): 265–85. doi:10.1142/S0192415X0800576X. PMID 18457360.
  7. ↑ Manohar, V.; Talpur, N. A.; Echard, B. W.; Lieberman, S.; Preuss, H. G. (2002). "Effects of a water-soluble extract of maitake mushroom on circulating glucose/insulin concentrations in KK mice". Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism. 4 (1): 43–8. doi:10.1046/j.1463-1326.2002.00180.x. PMID 11874441.
  8. ↑ Horio, Hiroyuki; Ohtsuru, Masaru (2001). "Maitake (Grifola frondosa) Improve Glucose Tolerance of Experimental Diabetic Rats". Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology. 47 (1): 57–63. doi:10.3177/jnsv.47.57. PMID 11349892.
  9. ↑ Matsuura, Hideyuki; Asakawa, Chikako; Kurimoto, Masanori; Mizutani, Junya (2002). "α-Glucosidase Inhibitor from the Seeds of Balsam Pear (Momordica charantia) and the Fruit Bodies of Grifola frondosa". Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry. 66 (7): 1576–8. doi:10.1271/bbb.66.1576. PMID 12224646.
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