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url url url url
  2. Weltenzyklopädie
  3. زبان‌های آینو - ویکی‌پدیا، دانشنامهٔ آزاد
زبان‌های آینو - ویکی‌پدیا، دانشنامهٔ آزاد
از ویکی‌پدیا، دانشنامهٔ آزاد
آینو
آینویی
اقوام:۲۵٬۰۰۰ (۱۹۸۶) تا حدود ۲۰۰٬۰۰۰ (بدون تاریخ) آینو[۱]
پراکنش:اکنون فقط هوکایدو; در گذشته جنوب و مرکز ساخالین، جزایر کوریل و احتمالاً شمال هونشو
تبار:یکی از خانواده‌های زبانی جهان
زیرگروه‌ها:
†آینو ساخالین
گلاتولوگainu1252[۲]
{{{mapalt}}}
نقشه پراکندگی زبان‌ها و گویش‌های آینو پیش از سال ۱۹۴۵

زبان‌های آینو[۳] یا آینویی خانواده زبانی کوچک مردم آینو در شمال ژاپن و جزایر همسایه است.

گونه‌های آینو متناوباً به عنوان گروهی از زبان‌های نزدیک به هم[۴] یا گویش‌های یک زبان تک‌خانواده محسوب می‌شوند. تنها گونه زنده این خانواده آینو هوکایدو است که در فهرست زبان‌های شدیداً در معرض خطر یونسکو قرار دارد. دو گونه دیگر، یعنی آینو ساخالین و آینو کوریل امروزه منقرض شده‌اند. شواهد جای‌نام‌شناسی نشان می‌دهد آینو روزگاری در شمال هونشو نیز تکلم می‌شده‌است. با وجود تلاش‌های بی‌شمار، هیچ رابطه ژنتیکی میان آینو و هیچ خانواده زبانی دیگری اثبات نشده‌است.

منابع

  1. ↑ Poisson, Barbara Aoki (2002). The Ainu of Japan. Minneapolis: Lerner Publications.
  2. ↑ Nordhoff, Sebastian; Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2013). "Ainu". Glottolog 2.2. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. {{cite book}}: Invalid |display-editors=4 (help)
  3. ↑ Bauer, Laurie (2007). The Linguistics Student's Handbook. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
  4. ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forke, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian, eds. (2020). "Ainu". Glottolog 4.3.
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