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url url url url
  2. Weltenzyklopädie
  3. یوشیا - ویکی‌پدیا، دانشنامهٔ آزاد
یوشیا - ویکی‌پدیا، دانشنامهٔ آزاد
از ویکی‌پدیا، دانشنامهٔ آزاد
یوشیا
پادشاه یهودا
سلطنت۶۴۰–۶۰۹ ق‌.م
پیشینآمون
جانشینیهوآحاز
زادهح. ۶۴۸ ق‌.م
احتمالاً اورشلیم
درگذشتهتموز (ژوئیه/اوت) ۶۰۹ ق‌.م (۳۸–۳۹ ساله)
اورشلیم
همسر(ان)صبوده
هاموتال
فرزند(ان)یوحانان
یهویاقیم
صادقیا
یهوآحاز
خاندانسلسله داوود
پدرآمون
مادریدیده

یوشیا (به عبری: יֹאשִׁיָּהוּ‎)[۱] مطابق روایت تنخ شانزدهمین پادشاه یهودا بود که حدوداً میان سال‌های ۶۴۰ تا ۶۰۹ قبل از میلاد حکومت کرد. یوشیا در دوره حکومت خود اصلاحات دینی اساسی بر دین بنی‌اسرائیل اعمال کرد و بسیاری از پژوهشگران کتاب مقدس اعتقاد دارند بیشتر متون مقدس عبری در دوره او نوشته شده‌اند. یوشیا بعد از قتل پدرش آمون، در سن ۸ سالگی پادشاه شد و ۳۱ سال حکومت کرد.[۲]

تنخ تنها منبع موجود دربارهٔ یوشیا است. هیچ منبع دیگری از ممالک اطراف مثل بابل یا مصر یا کتیبه‌ها و یافته‌های باستان‌شناسی اسرائیل باستان، نامی از او نبرده‌اند.[۳] با این وجود بیشتر تاریخ‌پژوهان اعتقاد دارند یوشیا به لحاظ تاریخی وجود داشته و نبود مدارک کافی دربارهٔ او به دلیل نبود کلی مدارک از آن دوره و چندین مرتبه تخریب اورشلیم در طول تاریخ است.[۴] تنخ روایت کرده که یوشیا در نبرد با مصر کشته شد.[۵]

از جمله اصلاحات دینی یوشیا، حذف پرستش بت‌ها از دین بنی‌اسرائیل بود که نقش مهمی در ظهور یکتاپرستی بنی‌اسرائیل و ظهور یهودیت ایفا کرد.[۶] او احتمالاً همچنین قربانی‌کردن فرزند برای تقدیم به یهوه یا مولوخ را ممنوع کرد و داستان قربانی‌کردن اسحاق توسط ابراهیم نیز می‌تواند به همین مسئله مربوط باشد.[۷][۸]

جستارهای وابسته

منابع

  1. ↑ Wells, John C. (1990). Longman Pronunciation Dictionary. Harlow, England: Longman. p. 386. ISBN 0-582-05383-8.
  2. ↑ Edwin Thiele, The Mysterious Numbers of the Hebrew Kings, (1st ed. ; New York: Macmillan, 1951; 2d ed. ; Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1965; 3rd ed. ; Grand Rapids: Zondervan/Kregel, 1983). شابک ‎۰−۸۲۵۴−۳۸۲۵-X, 9780825438257, 217.
  3. ↑ Alpert, Bernard; Alpert, Fran (2012). Archaeology and the Biblical Record. Hamilton Books. p. 74. ISBN 978-0-7618-5835-5.
  4. ↑ Person, Raymond F. (2010). The Deuteronomic History and the Book of Chronicles: Scribal Works in an Oral World (به انگلیسی). Society of Biblical Lit. ISBN 978-1-58983-517-7.
  5. ↑ Hill, Andrew E. (May 11, 2010). 1 and 2 Chronicles. Zondervan Academic. ISBN 978-0-310-86561-2 – via Google Books.
  6. ↑ MacDonald 2007, pp. 21, 26–27.
  7. ↑ Gnuse, “No Other Gods: Emergent Monotheism in Israel”, 118.
  8. ↑ Browning, “Isaac”, A Dictionary of the Bible.

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