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  2. Weltenzyklopädie
  3. جنگ داخلی سومالی (۲۰۰۹–اکنون)
جنگ داخلی سومالی (۲۰۰۹–اکنون)
از ویکی‌پدیا، دانشنامهٔ آزاد
جنگ داخلی سومالی (۲۰۰۹–اکنون)
بخشی از جنگ داخلی سومالی و جنگ علیه تروریسم

نقشه مرحله کنونی جنگ داخلی سومالی (سپتامبر ۲۰۲٤)

     دولت سومالی و متحدان      کشور خودخوانده سومالی‌لند      الشباب و متحدان

     داعش
تاریخ۳۱ ژانویه ۲۰۰۹ – اکنون
(۱۶ سال، ۴ ماه، ۳ هفته و ۶ روز)
موقعیت
سومالی
وضعیت

در جریان

طرف‌های درگیر

القاعده

حزب الاسلام (تا ۲۰۱۰؛ ۲۰۱۲–۲۰۱۳)
حمایت ادعایی:
 اریتره[۱][۲]
 ایران[۳]
 کره شمالی[۴]

 داعش (از ۲۰۱۵)[۵][۶]

 سومالی

نیروهای منطقه‌ای:
 ایالات متحده آمریکا[۷][۹][۱۰]
حمایت:
 بریتانیا[۱۱]
 ترکیه[۷][۱۲]
 فرانسه[۱۳]
 ایتالیا[۱۴]
 روسیه[۱۵][۱۶]
فرماندهان و رهبران

احمد عمر ابوعبیده
(امیر الشباب)
Mahad Karate[۱۷][۱۸]
Fuad Qalaf
Sheikh Ali Dheere
Abdukadir Mohamed Abdukadir
Mohamed Mire[۱۹]
Jehad Mostafa
Hassan Afgooye[۲۰]
Abu Musa Mombasa

کشته‌شدگان:

داعش عبدالقادر مؤمن
(رهبر داعش سومالی)

کشته‌شدگان:
  • داعش Mahad Maalin †
  • داعش Abdihakim Mohamed Ibrahim ("Dhoqob") †

سومالی حسن شیخ محمود
(رئیس‌جمهور سومالی)
سومالی Mohamed Hussein Roble
سومالی Hassan Mohomed Amardanbe
سومالی Odowaa Yusuf Rageh
پانتلند Said Abdullahi Dani
Galmudug Ahmed Abdi Karie
Diomede Ndegeya[۲۱]
Ahmed Mohamed Islam
Mohamed Ali Hassan
Abdiaziz Laftagareen

کشته‌شدگان:
قوا

7,000–12,000 (2022)[۲۳]

  • ۱٬۲۰۰ جنگجوی خارجی (2011)[۲۴]
داعش 200–300[۲۵]		 سومالی 15,000 (2020)[۲۶]
18,000 (2022)[۲۷]
2,000 (2013)[۲۸]
1,000 (2010)[۲۹]
ایالات متحده آمریکا ~600 (2019)[۳۰]
تلفات و خسارات
29,219 کشته[۳۱] سومالی
۲۶٬۴۱۱ کشته[۳۲]

۳٬۵۰۰ کشته[۳۳]
ایالات متحده آمریکا
۶ کشته
۵ زخمی[۳۴][۳۵][۳۶]

۴٬۳۶۵ کشته (در 2015)[۳۷]

ژانویه ۲۰۰۹ – اکتبر ۲۰۱۲:
4,093[۳۸][۳۹]–6,310[۴۰][۴۱][۴۲] کشته
۱۰٬۹۳۸ زخمی[۳۸][۳۹]

مجموع کشته‌شدگان: ۵۴٬۶۸۷+ (از اکتبر ۲۰۲۲، بر اساس پروژه داده‌های مکان و رویداد درگیری مسلحانه)[۴۳]

جنگ داخلی سومالی (۲۰۰۹–اکنون) (انگلیسی: Somali Civil War) بخشی از جنگ داخلی سومالی به‌شمار می‌رود که در جنوب سومالی در جریان است. این نزاع در فوریه ۲۰۰۹ با درگیری نیروهای حکومت فدرال سومالی به کمک نیروهای حافظ صلح اتحادیه آفریقا و چندین گروه نظامی اسلامی آغاز شد. این خشونت‌ها باعث آوارگی هزاران نفر از مردم در بخش جنوبی این کشور شده است. در ۱۶ اکتبر ۲۰۱۱، ارتش کنیا از مرز سومالی به منظور حمله به نیروهای الشباب و ایجاد یک منطقه حائل در برابر آنها عبور کرد.

جستارهای وابسته

[ویرایش]

منابع

[ویرایش]
  1. ↑ "Exclusive: Eritrea reduces support for al Shabaab – U.N. report". Reuters. 16 July 2012.
  2. ↑ "How does 'poor' Eritrea afford to fund Al-Shabaab?". Africa Review. 8 November 2011. Archived from the original on 12 October 2017. Retrieved 5 July 2017.
  3. ↑ "In Somalia, Iran Is Replicating Russia's Afghan Strategy". Foreign Policy. July 17, 2020. Retrieved June 4, 2022.
  4. ↑ "North Korean weapons used by terrorists in Somalia for attack on UN". Israel Defense (به انگلیسی). 2023-11-03. Retrieved 2020-11-03.
  5. ↑ "ISIL's First East African Affiliate Conducts Attacks in Somalia, Kenya". DefenseNews. 29 December 2015.
  6. ↑ "Somalia: Pro-ISIL militants, Al Shabaab clash in deadly Puntland infighting". Garowe Online. 24 December 2015. Archived from the original on 26 January 2016. Retrieved 28 January 2016.
  7. ↑ ۷٫۰ ۷٫۱ ۷٫۲ ۷٫۳ ۷٫۴ Gaid, Samira (November–December 2022). Cruickshank, Paul; Hummel, Kristina (eds.). "The 2022 Somali Offensive Against al-Shabaab: Making Enduring Gains Will Require Learning from Previous Failures" (PDF). CTC Sentinel. West Point, New York: Combating Terrorism Center. 15 (11): 31–38. Archived (PDF) from the original on 18 January 2023. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  8. ↑ "Somalia: Islamist Group Supports President Sharif". Archived from the original on 19 October 2012. Retrieved 14 February 2009.
  9. ↑ "In Somalia, U.S. Escalates a Shadow War – The New York Times". The New York Times. 16 October 2016. Archived from the original on 23 October 2016. Retrieved 22 October 2017.
  10. ↑ David Brown (31 July 2017). "US airstrike kills Somalia fighter under new Trump authority". Washingtonexaminer.com. Archived from the original on 18 August 2017. Retrieved 22 October 2017.
  11. ↑ "First British troops arrive in Somalia as part of UN mission". The Guardian. 2 May 2016. Archived from the original on 2 May 2016. Retrieved 2 May 2016.
  12. ↑ Dhaysane, Mohammed (9 March 2021). "New batch of Somali troops to get training in Turkey". www.aa.com.tr.
  13. ↑ "France reportedly bombs Somali town".
  14. ↑ "Italy pledges to Somali gov't financial support to uproot Al shabaab". Shabelle. 3 November 2010. Archived from the original on 8 October 2021. Retrieved 20 April 2011.
  15. ↑ News, A. B. C. "Russia offers support to Somalian army in fight against terrorist groups". ABC News (به انگلیسی). Retrieved 2023-08-20. {{cite web}}: |last= has generic name (help)
  16. ↑ "Russia Offers Military Support to Somalia". VOA (به انگلیسی). 2023-05-26. Retrieved 2023-08-20.
  17. ↑ "MAHAD KARATE | United Nations Security Council". www.un.org.
  18. ↑ "Mahad Karate - RewardsForJustice". rewardsforjustice.net.
  19. ↑ "Terrorist Designation of Al-Shabaab Leaders".
  20. ↑ "Treasury Designates al-Shabaab Financial Facilitators".
  21. ↑ "Lt. Gen. Diomede Ndegeya". atmis-au.org. 3 June 2022.
  22. ↑ "Somalia general killed by al-Shabab suicide car bomber". BBC News. 18 September 2016.
  23. ↑ "UN report indicates al-Qaeda and ISIS enjoy safe haven in Turkish-controlled Idlib". Nordic Monitor. February 9, 2022. Retrieved 15 February 2022.
  24. ↑ "Somalia: Ideologial Differences Split Somalia's Al-Shabaab". allAfrica.com. 20 December 2009. Archived from the original on 4 June 2011. Retrieved 20 April 2011.
  25. ↑ Maruf, Haran (26 October 2016). "IS Militants Seize Town in Somalia's Puntland". voanews.com. Voice of America. Archived from the original on 30 October 2016. Retrieved 29 October 2016.
  26. ↑ Robinson, Colin D. "Rebuilding armies in southern Somalia: What currently should donors realistically aim for?," Conflict, Security & Development (2021): 320, 330-331.
  27. ↑ "Is the AU mission in Somalia changing in name only?". 29 March 2022.
  28. ↑ "Etpu – United Nations Security Council Report: Somalia" (PDF). p. 12. Archived (PDF) from the original on 28 April 2011. Retrieved 20 April 2011.
  29. ↑ "Shabaab absorbs southern Islamist group, splits Hizbul Islam – The Long War Journal". longwarjournal.org. February 2010. Archived from the original on 12 July 2015. Retrieved 29 March 2015.
  30. ↑ Browne, Ryan (30 September 2019). "US airstrikes help repel al-Shabaab attack on US base in Somalia". CNN.
  31. ↑ "Al Shabaab: Number of Deaths 2009–2021". UCDP - Uppsala Conflict Data Program.
  32. ↑ "Somalia Government: Number of Deaths 2009–2021". UCDP: Uppsala Conflict Data Program.
  33. ↑ "Exclusive: At Least 3,500 AU Soldiers Killed in Somalia Since 2007". www.voanews.com.
  34. ↑ "Somalia conflict: One US soldier killed, four wounded in firefight". BBC News. 9 June 2018. Archived from the original on 14 June 2018. Retrieved 14 June 2018.
  35. ↑ Cooper, Helene (9 May 2017). "Navy SEAL Who Died in Somalia Was Alongside, Not Behind, Local Forces". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 3 September 2017. Retrieved 3 June 2017.
  36. ↑ "Camp Simba: Three Americans killed in Kenya base". BBC News. 5 January 2020.
  37. ↑ "ACLED Version 6 (1997–2015)". Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project. Archived from the original on 18 January 2016. Retrieved 13 January 2015.
  38. ↑ ۳۸٫۰ ۳۸٫۱ allafrica More Than 1,700 Killed in Clashes in 2009 بایگانی‌شده در ۱۲ اکتبر ۲۰۱۲ توسط Wayback Machine, 1 January 2010
  39. ↑ ۳۹٫۰ ۳۹٫۱ IRIN Africa Accusations traded over rising casualties at Mogadishu market بایگانی‌شده در ۶ دسامبر ۲۰۱۰ توسط Wayback Machine, 2 December 2010
  40. ↑ "Database – Uppsala Conflict Data Program". UCDP. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 19 April 2013.
  41. ↑ c.f. UCDP datasets for SNA, ARS/UIC and Al-Shabaab tolls.
  42. ↑ UCDP non-state conflict بایگانی‌شده در ۴ مارس ۲۰۱۶ توسط Wayback Machine tolls
  43. ↑ "ACLED Dashboard". ACLED.
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