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url url url url
  2. Weltenzyklopädie
  3. تداخل امواج
تداخل امواج
از ویکی‌پدیا، دانشنامهٔ آزاد
تداخل موج‌ها از دو منبع نقطه‌ای

در فیزیک تداخل[۱] (به انگلیسی: interference) پدیدهٔ ایجاد موجی با شکل دامنه جدید هنگام گذر همزمان دو موج یا بیشتر از یک نقطه است. تداخل دو موج با بسامد و دامنه یکسان به تشکیل موج ایستا می‌انجامد.

تداخل و برهم‌نهش (به انگلیسی: superposition) موج‌ها خیلی وقت‌ها به یک معنی بکار می‌روند که برآمده از نزدیکی این دو مفهوم به یکدیگر است.[۲][۳][۴]

اصل برهم‌نهی امواج بیان می کند که وقتی دو یا چند موج منتشرشده از یک نوع در یک نقطه برخورد میکنند، دامنه حاصل در آن نقطه برابر است با مجموع برداری دامنه های تک تک امواج.[۵] اگر یک تاج موج با یک تاج موج دیگر با فرکانس مشابه در نقطه برخورد از لحاظ جبری هم علامت باشد نتیجه موجی با دامنه بزرگتر خواهد بود که به آن تداخل سازنده می‌گویند. اگر مختلف علامت باشد نتیجه موجی با دامنه کوچکتر (یا حتی با دامنه صفر) خواهد بود که تداخل ویرانگر می‌گویند. برهم‌نهش از برهم‌نهی دو موج ایجاد می شود. تداخل، از برهم نهی دو حرکت هماهنگ ساده که بسامد نزدیک به هم دارند. تداخل در مخابرات معنی متفاوتی دارد.[۶]

ریشه‌شناسی

[ویرایش]

واژه اینترفرنس (تداخل) از کلمات لاتین inter به معنای «بین» و fere به معنای «برخورد یا اصابت» گرفته شده است و توسط توماس یانگ در سال ۱۸۰۱ ابداع شد.[۷][۸][۹]

منابع

[ویرایش]
  1. ↑ «تداخل» [فیزیک- اپتیک] هم‌ارزِ «interference»؛ منبع: گروه واژه‌گزینی. دفتر سوم. فرهنگ واژه‌های مصوب فرهنگستان. تهران: انتشارات فرهنگستان زبان و ادب فارسی. شابک ۹۶۴-۷۵۳۱-۵۰-۸.
  2. ↑ On the mechanism of the eye / by Thomas Young.; Young, Thomas; University College, London Library Services (1801). Young, Thomas, 1773-1829. University College London (UCL) UCL Library Services. London : printed by W. Bulmer and Co., Cleveland Row, St. James's.
  3. ↑ Jones, Peter Ward (2001). Oxford University Press. Oxford Music Online. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.20622.
  4. ↑ Kipnis, Nahum (1991). History of the Principle of Interference of Light (به انگلیسی). doi:10.1007/978-3-0348-8652-9. ISBN 978-3-0348-9717-4.
  5. ↑ Ockenga, Wymke. Phase contrast. Leika Science Lab, 09 June 2011. "If two waves interfere, the amplitude of the resulting light wave will be equal to the vector sum of the amplitudes of the two interfering waves."
  6. ↑ Ockenga, Wymke. Phase contrast. Leika Science Lab, 09 June 2011. "If two waves interfere, the amplitude of the resulting light wave will be equal to the vector sum of the amplitudes of the two interfering waves."
  7. ↑ On the mechanism of the eye / by Thomas Young.; Young, Thomas; University College, London Library Services (1801). Young, Thomas, 1773-1829. University College London (UCL) UCL Library Services. London : printed by W. Bulmer and Co., Cleveland Row, St. James's.
  8. ↑ Jones, Peter Ward (2001). Oxford University Press. Oxford Music Online. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.20622.
  9. ↑ Kipnis, Nahum (1991). History of the Principle of Interference of Light (به انگلیسی). doi:10.1007/978-3-0348-8652-9. ISBN 978-3-0348-9717-4.

پیوند به بیرون

[ویرایش]
در ویکی‌انبار پرونده‌هایی دربارهٔ تداخل امواج موجود است.
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