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url url url url
  2. Weltenzyklopädie
  3. ارنست نیگل
ارنست نیگل
از ویکی‌پدیا، دانشنامهٔ آزاد
ارنست نیگل
نام هنگام تولدارنست نیگل
زادهٔ۱۶ نوامبر ۱۹۰۱
اتریش-مجارستان
درگذشت۲۰ سپتامبر ۱۹۸۵
نیویورک
دورهفلسفه سده ۲۰
حیطهفلسفه غربی
مکتبفلسفه تحلیلی
علایق اصلی
فلسفه علم
تأثیرگرفته از
تأثیرگذار بر

ارنست نیگل (به انگلیسی: Ernest Nagel) (۱۶ نوامبر ۱۹۰۱ - ۲۰ سپتامبر ۱۹۸۵) فیلسوف علم آمریکایی بود. او به همراه رودولف کارناپ، هانس رایخنباخ و کارل همپل از افراد مهم جنبش پوزیتیویسم منطقی دانسته می‌شود.

نیگل در سال ۱۹۱۱ به ایالات متحده آمریکا مهاجرت کرد و در ۱۹۱۹ تابعیت آمریکایی گرفت. او از ۱۹۳۱ تا ۱۹۷۰ در دانشگاه کلمبیا، فلسفه تدریس می‌کرد.

او ابتدا طرفدار واقع‌گرایی منطقی بود، ولی بعدها هستی‌شناسی واقع‌بینانه را کنار گذاشت، و آن را با فلسفه علمی تجربی و نظری جایگزین کرد. کتاب او مقدمه‌ای بر منطق و روش علمی (۱۹۳۴) به کاربرد اصول منطقی در روش علمی در علوم طبیعی، اجتماعی، حقوقی و تاریخی می‌پردازد. او در کتاب منطق بدون متافیزیک (۱۹۵۷) به دفاع از تعبیر طبیعت‌گرایانه منطق پرداخته، و نیاز به هستی‌شناسی اصول منطقی-ریاضی را رد می‌کند. کتاب ساختار علم (۱۹۶۱) او به تحلیل توضیح‌دهی طبیعی، پرسش‌گری علی و ساختار منطقی دانش علمی پرداخته‌است.[۱]

منابع

[ویرایش]
  1. ↑ «Ernest Nagel». بریتانیکا. دریافت‌شده در ۱۷ آوریل ۲۰۱۳.

پیوند به بیرون

[ویرایش]
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