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url url url url
  2. Weltenzyklopädie
  3. کمون - ویکی‌پدیا، دانشنامهٔ آزاد
کمون - ویکی‌پدیا، دانشنامهٔ آزاد
از ویکی‌پدیا، دانشنامهٔ آزاد
(تغییرمسیر از کمون‌های فرانسه)
جامعه اشتراکی

کمون یا جامعه اشتراکی (به انگلیسی: Commune) به معنای اشتراکی، نوعی اجتماع عمدی و هدفمند است که مردم آن محیط زندگی، علاقه‌مندی‌ها، ارزش‌ها، باورها و همچنین منابع و اموال خود را با یک دیگر به اشتراک می‌گذارند. در بسیاری از کمون‌ها علاوه بر اشتراک گذاری منابع چیزهای دیگری مثل تصمیم‌گیری بر پایه اجماع، ساختار بدون طبقه و زندگی با ملاحظات بوم‌شناسی نیز از اصول مهم و پایه ای شمرده می‌شود.[۱]

تعداد زیادی کومون در سراسر جهان وجود دارد. فهرستی از آن‌ها در بنیاد اجتماع عمدی یافت می‌شود.[۲]

ارتباط با کمونیسم

لفظ کمونیسم از این واژه آمده‌است. در معنای عام کلمه، کمون جامعه‌ای است که در آن سلسله‌مراتب وجود ندارد و همه اموال و وسایل آسایش و تفریح به اشتراک در اختیار همه جامعه یا نخبگان (گزیدگان) باشد. کلمه کمونیسم در مورد نظام‌های اجتماعی مختلفی به کار گرفته شده است، مانند: کمونیسم گزیدگان که افلاطون با الهام از الگوی اسپارت قدیم پیشنهاد کرده، جوامع کمونیستی مذهبی مسیحی که در قرن شانزدهم و قرنهای بعدی در قاره آمریکا تأسیس شد، فالانسترهایی که فوریه پیشنهاد کرده‌است، و جوامع اشتراکی رابرت آون و … این جوامع در میان خود مساوات داشتند و آب و غذا و درآمد را برحسب نیاز افراد تقسیم می‌کردند. امروزه نیز در تعاریف مارکسیستی به کار می‌رود.

جستارهای وابسته

منابع

  1. ↑ Rajani, Deepika (2019-07-25). "All you need to know about the Bruderhof community". inews.co.uk (به انگلیسی). Retrieved 2019-08-01.
  2. ↑ "Welcome to the Intentional Communities Directory". directory.ic.org. Archived from the original on 8 September 2011. Retrieved 28 September 2010.
Pusat Layanan

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