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url url url url
  2. Weltenzyklopädie
  3. طوفان آرام - ویکی‌پدیا، دانشنامهٔ آزاد
طوفان آرام - ویکی‌پدیا، دانشنامهٔ آزاد
از ویکی‌پدیا، دانشنامهٔ آزاد
طوفان آرام
ریشه‌های سبکی
ریشه‌های فرهنگیمیانهٔ دههٔ ۱۹۷۰, ایالات متحدهٔ آمریکا

طوفان آرام (انگلیسی: Quiet storm) نام گونه‌ای از موسیقی آر اند بی است که به شکل آرام، عاشقانه و تحت تأثیر موسیقی جاز اجرا می‌شود.[۱] نام این سبک از آلبوم طوفانی آرام از اسموکی رابینسون گرفته شده‌است.[۲]

ملوین لیندزی این فرمت رادیویی را در ۱۹۷۶ زمانی که در رادیو واشینگتن کارآموز بود پایه‌گذاری کرد. به مرور زمان طوفان آرام خود زیرسبک مستقل از موسیقی آر اندبی معاصر شد.[۳] این سبک در دههٔ ۸۰ میلادی برای مخاطبان آفریقایی آمریکایی بزرگسال و سطح بالا عرضه می‌شد، در حالی که در میان جوانان مخاطبانش را روز به روز در مقابل عصر طلایی هیپ هاپ از دست می‌داد.[۴]

منابع

  1. ↑ Anon. (November 2017). "Quiet Storm Brewing". In Tune Monthly. Retrieved September 15, 2018.[پیوند مرده]
  2. ↑ King 2007, p. 180.
  3. ↑ Ripani 2006, p. 132.
  4. ↑ King 2007, p. 181.
Pusat Layanan

UNIVERSITAS TEKNOKRAT INDONESIA | ASEAN's Best Private University
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