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url url url url
  2. Weltenzyklopädie
  3. سرنگونی سلطنت عثمانی - ویکی‌پدیا، دانشنامهٔ آزاد
سرنگونی سلطنت عثمانی - ویکی‌پدیا، دانشنامهٔ آزاد
از ویکی‌پدیا، دانشنامهٔ آزاد
محمد ششم درحال خروج از کاخ دلمه‌باغچه.

سرنگونی سلطنت عثمانی توسط دولت ملی مجلس بزرگ ترکیه در ۱ نوامبر ۱۹۲۲ به امپراتوری عثمانی پایان داد. در ۱۱ نوامبر ۱۹۲۲، بر اساس پیمان لوزان، حاکمیت دولت ملی مجلس بزرگ بر ترکیه به رسمیت شناخته شد. آخرین سلطان، محمد ششم، در ۱۷ نوامبر ۱۹۲۲ پایتخت عثمانی، قسطنطنیه را ترک کرد. جایگاه قانونی آن با امضای پیمان لوزان در ۲۴ ژوئیه ۱۹۲۳ تثبیت شد. در مارس ۱۹۲۴، به‌طور رسمی خلافت و سلطنت عثمانی به پایان رسید.

پیش زمینه

ورود عثمانی به جنگ جهانی اول در امتداد قدرت‌های مرکز در ۱۱ نوامبر ۱۹۱۴ اتفاق افتاد. جنگ در خاورمیانه با امضای متارکه مودروس در ۳۰ اکتبر ۱۹۱۸ پایان یافت. قسطنطنیه توسط نیروهای بریتانیا، فرانسه و ایتالیا در ۱۳ نوامبر ۱۹۱۸ اشغال شد.

نیروهای سلطان علیه دولت ملی مجلس بزرگ
سلطان محمد ششم بر تخت سلطنت خود..
سلیمان شفیق پاشا، فرمانده ارتش خلافت عثمانی
ارتش خلافت عثمانی

جستارهای وابسته

کتابشناسی

  • Finkel, Caroline (2007). Osman's Dream: The History of the Ottoman Empire. Basic Books.

منابع

  • المیشین، اردوغ (۱۹۸۷). تاریخ عثمانی. استامبول، شمال گرجستان: اردوغیان. شابک مهدی اسمائیلی مقدار |شابک= را بررسی کنید: invalid character (کمک).
  • دولت عثمانی از اقتدار تا انحلال. احمد اسماعیل یاغی
  • ویکی‌پدیای انگلیسی
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