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url url url url
  2. Weltenzyklopädie
  3. انقلاب صنعتی دوم
انقلاب صنعتی دوم
از ویکی‌پدیا، دانشنامهٔ آزاد

انقلاب صنعتی دوم که همچنین با نام انقلاب فناوری نیز شناخته می‌شود،[۱] مرحله‌ای از انقلاب صنعتی است که از نیمه دوم قرن نوزدهم تا شروع جنگ جهانی اول را شامل می‌شود. آغاز انقلاب در دهه ۱۸۷۰ میلادی و پایان آن در سال ۱۹۱۴ میلادی بود. وجه تمایز این انقلاب صنعتی، آغاز تولید فولاد بسمر در دهه ۱۸۷۰ و اوج آن در تجهیز کارخانجات به برق، تولید انبوه و خط تولید شمرده می‌شود. انقلاب صنعتی دوم با توسعه خط آهن، تولید آهن و فولاد در مقیاس انبوه، کاربرد گسترده ماشین آلات در تولید کارخانه‌ای، افزایش شدید استفاده از نیروی بخار و ارتباطات الکتریکی مشخص می‌گردد. این انقلاب با توسعه صنعتی سریع در ابتدا در بریتانیا، آلمان و ایالات متحده آمریکا و بعد در فرانسه، کشورهای کم ارتفاعی مثل بلژیک و هلند و همچنین در ژاپن همراه بود.[۲] پس از این دوره، انقلاب صنعتی سوم در دهه ۱۹۵۰ میلادی آغاز شد که تاکنون ادامه دارد.

جستارهای وابسته

[ویرایش]

منابع

[ویرایش]
  1. ↑ Muntone, Stephanie. "Second Industrial Revolution". Education.com. The McGraw-Hill Companies. Archived from the original on 22 October 2013. Retrieved 14 October 2013.
  2. ↑ "Industrial Revolution | Definition, History, Dates, Summary, & Facts | Britannica Money". www.britannica.com (به انگلیسی). 2023-06-08. Retrieved 2023-07-19.
در ویکی‌انبار پرونده‌هایی دربارهٔ انقلاب صنعتی دوم موجود است.
برگرفته از «https://fa.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=انقلاب_صنعتی_دوم&oldid=37720332»
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