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url url url url
  2. Weltenzyklopädie
  3. پرنده‌بالان - ویکی‌پدیا، دانشنامهٔ آزاد
پرنده‌بالان - ویکی‌پدیا، دانشنامهٔ آزاد
از ویکی‌پدیا، دانشنامهٔ آزاد
(تغییرمسیر از پرنده‌سانان)

پرنده‌بالان
محدودهٔ زمانی: ژوراسیک پسین[۱] تا امروزه
مرغابی سرسبز.
رده‌بندی علمی
فرمانرو:
جانوران
شاخه:
طنابداران
رده:
سوسماریان[۲]
بالاراسته:
دایناسورها
راسته:
خزنده‌کفلان[۳]
زیرراسته:
ددپایان[۴]
(طبقه‌بندی‌نشده):
پرنده‌بالان

Gauthier, 1986

پرنده‌بالان (نام علمی: Avialae) یک کلاد[۵] شامل پرندگان و نزدیکترین خویشاوندان دایناسورها هستند. در رابطه با تکامل نژادی دایناسورها و پرندگان مباحث زیادی وجود دارد و مطالعات مختلف نتایج مختلفی ارائه می‌دهند. گروه پرنده‌سانان بسته به نوع تعریف و دسته‌بندی، می‌تواند شامل زیرگروه‌های متفاوتی باشد. شامل شدن یا مستثنی شدن کهن‌بال (آرکئوپتریکس) از گروه پرندگان[۶] تأثیر زیادی روی زیرگروه‌های پرنده‌سانان دارد.

پانویس

  1. ↑ Late Jurassic
  2. ↑ Sauropsida
  3. ↑ Saurischia
  4. ↑ Theropoda
  5. ↑ clade
  6. ↑ Aves

منابع

  • "پرنده‌سانان" (به انگلیسی). ویکی‌پدیای انگلیسی. Retrieved 6 November 2008.
آیکون خرد

این یک مقالهٔ خرد شاه‌سوسماران است. می‌توانید با گسترش آن به ویکی‌پدیا کمک کنید.

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