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url url url url
  2. Weltenzyklopädie
  3. لوومت‌آمفتامین - ویکی‌پدیا، دانشنامهٔ آزاد
لوومت‌آمفتامین - ویکی‌پدیا، دانشنامهٔ آزاد
از ویکی‌پدیا، دانشنامهٔ آزاد
لوومت‌آمفتامین
INN: Levmetamfetamine
داده‌های بالینی
روش مصرف داروپزشکی: استنشاقی (بینی)
تفریحی: خوراکی، داخل وریدی، دم کرده، استنشاقی، شیاف
وضعیت قانونی
وضعیت قانونی
داده‌های فارماکوکینتیک
متابولیسمکبد
دفعکلیه
شناسه‌ها
  • (R)-N-methyl-1-phenyl-propan-2-amine
شمارهٔ سی‌ای‌اس
پاب‌کم CID
کم‌اسپایدر
UNII
KEGG
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
ECHA InfoCard100.046.974 ویرایش در ویکی‌داده
داده‌های فیزیکی و شیمیایی
فرمول شیمیاییC10H15N۱
جرم مولی۱۴۹٫۲۳ g·mol−1
مدل سه بعدی (جی‌مول)
  • N([C@@H](Cc1ccccc1)C)C
  • InChI=1S/C10H15N/c1-9(11-2)8-10-6-4-3-5-7-10/h3-7,9,11H,8H2,1-2H3/t9-/m1/s1 ✔Y
  • Key:MYWUZJCMWCOHBA-SECBINFHSA-N ✔Y
 N✔Y (این چیست؟)  (صحت‌سنجی)

لوومت‌آمفتامین[note ۱] شکل چپ‌گرد (ال-انانتیومر) ترکیب مت‌آمفتامین است. لوومت‌آمفتامین یک منقبض‌کننده عروق مقلد سمپاتیک است که ماده فعال برخی از داروهای ضد احتقان بینی بدون نسخه (OTC) در ایالات متحده است.[۱]

فارماکولوژی

لوومت آمفتامین از سد خونی-مغزی عبور می‌کند و به عنوان آگونیست TAAR1 عمل می‌کند.[۲] به عنوان یک عامل آزادکننده انتخابی نوراپی‌نفرین (با تأثیر کم یا بدون تأثیر بر روی آزادسازی دوپامین) عمل می‌کند، بنابراین بر دستگاه عصبی مرکزی تأثیر می‌گذارد، اگرچه اثرات آن از نظر کیفی نسبت به دکسترومت‌آمفتامین متمایز است.[۳] پتانسیل سرخوشی یا اعتیادی که دکسترومفت‌آمفتامین دارد را ندارد.[۳][۴][۵] از جمله اثرات فیزیولوژیکی آن می‌توان به انقباض عروق اشاره کرد که آن را برای رفع احتقان بینی مفید می‌کند.[۶] نیمه عمر حذف لوومت‌آمفتامین بین ۱۳٫۳ تا ۱۵ ساعت است، در حالی که نیمه عمر دکسترومت‌آمفتامین حدود ۱۰٫۵ ساعت است.[۷]

عوارض جانبی

هنگامی که داروی ضداحتقان بینی بیش از حد مصرف شود، لوومت‌آمفتامین دارای عوارض جانبی بالقوه‌ای است که مشابه سایر داروهای مقلد سمپاتیک است. این اثرات شامل فشار خون بالا (افزایش فشار خون)، تاکی‌کاردی (ضربان سریع قلب)، حالت تهوع، دل پیچه، سرگیجه، سردرد، تعریق، تونوس ماهیچه‌ای و لرزش است.[۸] عوارض جانبی مرکزی ممکن است شامل اضطراب، بی‌خوابی و از دست دادن اشتها باشد.[۹][۱۰][۱۱]

یادداشت

  1. ↑ دیگر نام‌ها عبارتند از ال- مت‌آمفتامین، لوودزوکسی‌افدرین، ال-دزوکسی‌افدرین، لومت‌آمفتامین (INN و USAN).

منابع

  1. ↑ "Cold, Cough, Allergy, Bronchodilator, and Antiasthmatic Drug Products for Over-the-Counter Human Use". FDA. June 7, 2023. Archived from the original on 6 July 2023.
  2. ↑ Levmetamfetamine. NCBI. Archived from the original on 18 October 2014. Retrieved 17 October 2014.
  3. ↑ ۳٫۰ ۳٫۱ Melega, WP; Cho, AK; Schmitz, D; Kuczenski, R; Segal, DS (February 1999). "l-methamphetamine pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics for assessment of in vivo deprenyl-derived l-methamphetamine". The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. 288 (2): 752–8. PMID 9918585.
  4. ↑ Mendelson J, Uemura N, Harris D, Nath RP, Fernandez E, Jacob P, Everhart ET, Jones RT (October 2006). "Human pharmacology of the methamphetamine stereoisomers". Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics. 80 (4): 403–20. doi:10.1016/j.clpt.2006.06.013. PMID 17015058.
  5. ↑ Kuczenski, R; Segal, DS; Cho, AK; Melega, W (February 1995). "Hippocampus norepinephrine, caudate dopamine and serotonin, and behavioral responses to the stereoisomers of amphetamine and methamphetamine". The Journal of Neuroscience. 15 (2): 1308–17. doi:10.1523/jneurosci.15-02-01308.1995. PMC 6577819. PMID 7869099.
  6. ↑ Pray SW. "Nonprescription Products to Avoid With Hypertension". uspharmacist.com. Archived from the original on 30 October 2014. Retrieved 17 October 2014. Topical Nasal Decongestants
    Most topical nasal decongestants also carry the warning against unsupervised use with hypertension. This includes oxymetazoline (e.g. , Afrin), phenylephrine (e.g. , Neo-Synephrine), naphazoline (e.g. , Privine), and l-desoxyephedrine/levmetamfetamine. When hypertensive patients request a nasal decongestant, the pharmacist can recommend several alternatives. Propylhexedrine (e.g. , Benzedrex Inhaler) is not required to carry a warning against unsupervised use with hypertension and may be effective. Another option is the nasal strip (e.g. , Breathe Right). When properly applied, the strip can open the nostrils slightly, and perhaps sufficiently to allow the patient to breathe without use of a pharmacologically active ingredient.
  7. ↑ Mendelson J, Uemura N, Harris D, et al. (October 2006). "Human pharmacology of the methamphetamine stereoisomers". Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 80 (4): 403–20. doi:10.1016/j.clpt.2006.06.013. PMID 17015058.
  8. ↑ Gal J (1982). "Amphetamines in Nasal Inhalers". Journal of Toxicology: Clinical Toxicology. 19 (5): 517–518. doi:10.3109/15563658208992508. ISSN 0731-3810.
  9. ↑ Mendelson JE, McGlothlin D, Harris DS, Foster E, Everhart T, Jacob P, Jones RT (July 2008). "The clinical pharmacology of intranasal l-methamphetamine". BMC Clin Pharmacol. 8: 4. doi:10.1186/1472-6904-8-4. PMC 2496900. PMID 18644153. The 64-inhalation condition produced a small (change score of ~6) increase in "Good Drug Effect" suggesting a low potential for abuse even though occurrences of inhaler abuse is reported in the literature [1,18,19]. Larger doses of intravenous lmethamphetamine are psychoactive and may have some abuse potential in methamphetamine users [16].
  10. ↑ Halle AB, Kessler R, Alvarez M (June 1985). "Drug abuse with Vicks nasal inhaler". South Med J. 78 (6): 761–2. doi:10.1097/00007611-198506000-00043. PMID 4002016.
  11. ↑ Ferrando RL, McCorvey E, Simon WA, Stewart DM (March 1988). "Bizarre behavior following the ingestion of levo-desoxyephedrine". Drug Intell Clin Pharm. 22 (3): 214–217. doi:10.1177/106002808802200308. PMID 3366062.
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